BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

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KNOWLEDGE CONSTRUCTION (Physiology of) 3)5)

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R. FISCHER synthetizes the successive stages of knowledge construction in the brain (1992, p.211).

A "primary repertoire" is formed "between the 10th to 18th week of gestation… (when) the formation of neurons accelerates, and a fierce competition for neurons to connect with other neurons and with sensory cells can be observed Those who could not link up, die off. These interconnections are formed during development, prior to experience, and there is evidence for extensive variance of connectivity, even in genetically identical animals.

"A secondary repertoire is in the making during postnatal experience: selection among diverse preexisting groups of cells accomplished by differential modification of synaptic strengths or efficacies without change in connectivity pattern. Responses of neural populations are significantly influenced by similarities between present and past constellations of sensory signals. Perception, memory, learning are consequences of selective amplification which leads to increased speed or strength of selected responses when similar patterns of stimulation are repeated"…

"It takes then many years of environmental exposure until a third, a more global, problem solving repertoire is acquired from the brain's self-experience that we have in the mind. This knowing system can generate alternatives that subserve goal seeking, alternatives that are selected by the environment for fitness".

→ Connectivity; HEBB's rule; Reinforcement

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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